What this market covers
Milk fat with almost all water removed, used as a stable dairy fat in baking, chocolate, ice cream and recombined dairy. Food manufacturers buy it in blocks or drums.
Typical segments
- Pure anhydrous milk fat
- Fractionated milk fat
- Butter oil
- Ghee
- Flavoured milk fat
Source: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved +288% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted +15% since 2020.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €252.1 million of products under CN code 04059010 (Fats and oils derived from milk, of a fat content, by weight, of >= 99,3% and of a water) from outside the EU in 2025. | 252.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 04059010 were up 288% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€64.9 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +288 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 04059010 to countries outside the EU were worth €193.1 million in 2025. | 193.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 04059010 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €1.13 billion in 2025. | 1.13 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| United Kingdom was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 04059010 to the EU in 2025, with €145.1 million, or 58% of extra-EU imports. | 145.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 04059010 to the United States were €1.9 million in 2025. | 1.9 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 04059010 was €7.48 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 7.48 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Netherlands was the largest EU exporter of CN 04059010 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €102.1 million. | 102.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 9,094 enterprises in NACE class C1051 (Operation of dairies and cheese making) in 2023. | 9,094 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C1051 employed 380,000 people across the EU in 2023. | 380,000 persons employed | 2023 | Eurostat |
| The US had 294 private establishments in NAICS 311514 (Dry, condensed, and evaporated dairy product manufacturing) in 2025. | 294 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 311514 employed an average of 20,824 people in US private industry in 2025. | 20,824 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 311514 changed by +15% between 2020 (18,165 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +15 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 311514 was $94,948 in 2025. | 94,948 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 04059010, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 252093247
- Figure 2
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 04059010, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 64929214; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 252093247
- Figure 3
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 04059010, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 193060053
- Figure 4
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 04059010, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 1131411873
- Figure 5
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 04059010, partner GB, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 145146083
- Figure 6
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 04059010, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 1922268
- Figure 7
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 04059010, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 252093247, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 337127
- Figure 1
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 8
DS-045409, reporter NL, product 04059010, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 102108372
- Figure 8
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 9
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1051, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 9094
- Figure 10
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1051, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2023, 380000
- Figure 9
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 311514, 2025 (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 11
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311514, annual_avg_estabs 294
- Figure 12
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311514, annual_avg_emplvl 20824
- Figure 13
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 18165; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 20824
- Figure 14
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311514, avg_annual_pay 94948
- Figure 11
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Bakeries and confectioners
- Dairy processors
- Ice cream makers
Large non-EU suppliers to the EU
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU anhydrous milk fat market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €252.1 million of goods under CN 04059010 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €193.1 million.
Where does the EU import anhydrous milk fat from?
United Kingdom was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. Other large suppliers included New Zealand, United States, Ukraine.
What is the average import price of anhydrous milk fat in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €7.48 per kilogram for CN 04059010 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most anhydrous milk fat?
Netherlands led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by France, Belgium.
How many US companies are in the anhydrous milk fat industry?
BLS counts 294 private establishments in NAICS 311514 (Dry, condensed, and evaporated dairy product manufacturing), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the anhydrous milk fat industry?
Eurostat counts 9,094 enterprises in NACE class C1051 (Operation of dairies and cheese making).
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