+43 % change
Extra-EU imports of CN 90189084 were up 43% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€5.66 billion), calculated from Eurostat values.
Eurostat10.98 EUR billion
EU exports of CN 90189084 to countries outside the EU were worth €10.98 billion in 2025.
Eurostat10.33 EUR billion
Trade between EU member states in CN 90189084 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €10.33 billion in 2025.
EurostatSource: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved +43% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted +4% since 2020.
What this market covers
Adhesive skin electrodes and leads that pick up the heart's electrical signals for ECG and monitoring. Used in clinics, ambulances, stress tests and wearables.
Typical segments
- Disposable ECG electrodes
- Stress test electrodes
- Holter electrodes
- Neonatal electrodes
Who buys
- Hospitals
- Ambulance services
- Cardiology clinics
Largest non-EU suppliers to the EU
| Country | Import value |
|---|---|
| United States from 1995 -> 2000) | 3,396.5 EUR million |
| Mexico | 905.4 EUR million |
| China | 743.0 EUR million |
| Costa Rica | 604.4 EUR million |
| Switzerland | 505.7 EUR million |
| United Kingdom | 438.8 EUR million |
Key figures
Each figure links to the page it came from.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €8.07 billion of products under CN code 90189084 (Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical or veterinary sciences, n.e.s.) from outside the EU in 2025. | 8.07 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 90189084 were up 43% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€5.66 billion), calculated from Eurostat values. | +43 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 90189084 to countries outside the EU were worth €10.98 billion in 2025. | 10.98 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 90189084 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €10.33 billion in 2025. | 10.33 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| United States from 1995 -> 2000) was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 90189084 to the EU in 2025, with €3.40 billion, or 42% of extra-EU imports. | 3.40 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 90189084 to the United States were €4.19 billion in 2025. | 4.19 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 90189084 was €110.31 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 110.31 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Netherlands was the largest EU exporter of CN 90189084 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €2.85 billion. | 2.85 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 1,791 enterprises in NACE class C2660 (Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipment) in 2023. | 1,791 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| EU enterprises in NACE class C2660 had net turnover of €30.54 billion in 2023. | 30.54 EUR billion | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C2660 employed 74,126 people across the EU in 2021. | 74,126 persons employed | 2021 | Eurostat |
| The US had 4,547 private establishments in NAICS 339112 (Surgical and medical instrument manufacturing) in 2025. | 4,547 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 339112 employed an average of 140,413 people in US private industry in 2025. | 140,413 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 339112 changed by +4% between 2020 (135,655 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +4 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 339112 was $109,475 in 2025. | 109,475 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| The FDA has recorded 79 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode". | 79 510(k) clearances | 2026 | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA) |
| Graphic Controls Corp. holds 10 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode". | 10 510(k) clearances | 2026 | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA) |
| Conmedcorp holds 5 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode". | 5 510(k) clearances | 2026 | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA) |
| Labeltape Meditect, Inc. holds 5 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode". | 5 510(k) clearances | 2026 | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA) |
| S & W Medico Teknik holds 5 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode". | 5 510(k) clearances | 2026 | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA) |
| Conmed Andover Medical, Inc. holds 4 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode". | 4 510(k) clearances | 2026 | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA) |
| Tdk Corp. holds 4 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode". | 4 510(k) clearances | 2026 | U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA) |
Companies to watch
Graphic Controls Corp.
10 FDA 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode".
Conmedcorp
5 FDA 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode".
Labeltape Meditect, Inc.
5 FDA 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode".
S & W Medico Teknik
5 FDA 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode".
Conmed Andover Medical, Inc.
4 FDA 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode".
Tdk Corp.
4 FDA 510(k) clearances for devices named "ECG electrode".
What the full report covers
- 1
Executive summary
The answer on two pages: size, growth and what drives it.
- 2
Market size and outlook
History, the current year and a five-year view with base, low and high cases.
- 3
Segments and regions
Splits by product, buyer and geography across the US, Europe and MEA.
- 4
Company profiles
The main players, how they compete and where they are investing.
- 5
Data and method
Every figure in Excel, with the sources and assumptions behind it.
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
- PDF report, 40 to 60 pages
- Excel data pack
- Ready-to-use charts
- Method note and assumptions
- Written to order in 5 working days
Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU cardiology electrodes market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €8.07 billion of goods under CN 90189084 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €10.98 billion.
Where does the EU import cardiology electrodes from?
United States from 1995 -> 2000) was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. The next largest were Mexico, China, Costa Rica.
What is the average import price of cardiology electrodes in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €110.31 per kilogram for CN 90189084 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most cardiology electrodes?
Netherlands led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by Germany, Ireland.
How many cardiology electrodes devices are cleared by the FDA?
openFDA lists 79 510(k) clearances for devices named ECG electrode.
Which companies hold the most FDA clearances for cardiology electrodes?
By 510(k) count: Graphic Controls Corp., Conmedcorp, Labeltape Meditect, Inc., S & W Medico Teknik.
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 90189084, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 8073606827
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 90189084, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 5660947303; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 8073606827
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 90189084, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 10980649367
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 90189084, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 10332987206
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 90189084, partner US, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 3396520553
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 90189084, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 4189259693
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 90189084, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 8073606827, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 731880
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter NL, product 90189084, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 2848584412
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2660, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 1791
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2660, indic_sbs NETTUR_MEUR, 2023, 30540
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2660, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2021, 74126
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 339112, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 339112, annual_avg_estabs 4547
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 339112, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 339112, annual_avg_emplvl 140413
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 339112, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 135655; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 140413
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 339112, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 339112, avg_annual_pay 109475
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA): openFDA 510(k) clearances, device_name "ECG electrode" (2026-11-04)
openFDA device/510k device_name:"ECG electrode", sum of counts by decision_date = 79
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA): openFDA 510(k) clearances by applicant, device_name "ECG electrode" (2026-11-04)
applicant.exact "Graphic Controls Corp." count 10
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA): openFDA 510(k) clearances by applicant, device_name "ECG electrode" (2026-11-04)
applicant.exact "Conmedcorp" count 5
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA): openFDA 510(k) clearances by applicant, device_name "ECG electrode" (2026-11-04)
applicant.exact "Labeltape Meditect, Inc." count 5
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA): openFDA 510(k) clearances by applicant, device_name "ECG electrode" (2026-11-04)
applicant.exact "S & W Medico Teknik" count 5
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA): openFDA 510(k) clearances by applicant, device_name "ECG electrode" (2026-11-04)
applicant.exact "Conmed Andover Medical, Inc." count 4
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (openFDA): openFDA 510(k) clearances by applicant, device_name "ECG electrode" (2026-11-04)
applicant.exact "Tdk Corp." count 4
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