+33 % change
Extra-EU imports of CN 85364190 were up 33% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€359.3 million), calculated from Eurostat values.
Eurostat471.7 EUR million
EU exports of CN 85364190 to countries outside the EU were worth €471.7 million in 2025.
Eurostat752.5 EUR million
Trade between EU member states in CN 85364190 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €752.5 million in 2025.
EurostatSource: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved +33% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted -2% since 2020.
What this market covers
Electrically operated switches that control high current loads such as lights, fans, fuel pumps and starters. Vehicle makers and the aftermarket buy them.
Typical segments
- Power relays
- Micro relays
- Solid state relays
- High voltage relays
Who buys
- Vehicle manufacturers
- Tier one suppliers
- Aftermarket distributors
Largest non-EU suppliers to the EU
| Country | Import value |
|---|---|
| China | 211.0 EUR million |
| Japan | 69.1 EUR million |
| Switzerland | 32.0 EUR million |
| Viet Nam | 25.2 EUR million |
| Philippines | 18.4 EUR million |
| United States from 1995 -> 2000) | 17.2 EUR million |
Key figures
Each figure links to the page it came from.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €478.6 million of products under CN code 85364190 (Relays for a voltage <= 60 V, for a current > 2 A) from outside the EU in 2025. | 478.6 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 85364190 were up 33% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€359.3 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +33 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 85364190 to countries outside the EU were worth €471.7 million in 2025. | 471.7 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 85364190 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €752.5 million in 2025. | 752.5 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| China was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 85364190 to the EU in 2025, with €211.0 million, or 44% of extra-EU imports. | 211.0 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 85364190 to the United States were €76.8 million in 2025. | 76.8 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 85364190 was €39.61 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 39.61 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Germany was the largest EU exporter of CN 85364190 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €167.1 million. | 167.1 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 6,600 enterprises in NACE class C2712 (Manufacture of electricity distribution and control apparatus) in 2023. | 6,600 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| EU enterprises in NACE class C2712 had net turnover of €110.00 billion in 2023. | 110.00 EUR billion | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C2712 employed 400,000 people across the EU in 2023. | 400,000 persons employed | 2023 | Eurostat |
| The US had 913 private establishments in NAICS 335314 (Relay and industrial control manufacturing) in 2025. | 913 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 335314 employed an average of 41,481 people in US private industry in 2025. | 41,481 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 335314 changed by -2% between 2020 (42,164 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | -2 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 335314 was $102,510 in 2025. | 102,510 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
What the full report covers
- 1
Executive summary
The answer on two pages: size, growth and what drives it.
- 2
Market size and outlook
History, the current year and a five-year view with base, low and high cases.
- 3
Segments and regions
Splits by product, buyer and geography across the US, Europe and MEA.
- 4
Company profiles
The main players, how they compete and where they are investing.
- 5
Data and method
Every figure in Excel, with the sources and assumptions behind it.
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
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- Excel data pack
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU automotive relay market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €478.6 million of goods under CN 85364190 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €471.7 million.
Where does the EU import automotive relay from?
China was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. The next largest were Japan, Switzerland, Viet Nam.
What is the average import price of automotive relay in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €39.61 per kilogram for CN 85364190 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most automotive relay?
Germany led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by France, Portugal.
How many US companies are in the automotive relay industry?
BLS counts 913 private establishments in NAICS 335314 (Relay and industrial control manufacturing), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the automotive relay industry?
Eurostat counts 6,600 enterprises in NACE class C2712 (Manufacture of electricity distribution and control apparatus).
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85364190, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 478634519
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85364190, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 359336225; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 478634519
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85364190, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 471707759
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85364190, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 752457943
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85364190, partner CN, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 210994681
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85364190, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 76789116
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85364190, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 478634519, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 120838
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter DE, product 85364190, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 167064275
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2712, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 6600
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2712, indic_sbs NETTUR_MEUR, 2023, 110000
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2712, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2023, 400000
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 335314, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 335314, annual_avg_estabs 913
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 335314, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 335314, annual_avg_emplvl 41481
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 335314, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 42164; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 41481
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 335314, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 335314, avg_annual_pay 102510
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