+30 % change
Extra-EU imports of CN 03025110 were up 30% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€231.4 million), calculated from Eurostat values.
Eurostat10.3 EUR million
EU exports of CN 03025110 to countries outside the EU were worth €10.3 million in 2025.
Eurostat230.5 EUR million
Trade between EU member states in CN 03025110 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €230.5 million in 2025.
EurostatSource: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved +30% from 2020 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted +2% since 2020.
What this market covers
Cod fish is a white fish caught in cold northern waters and sold fresh, frozen, salted or dried. Processors, food service operators and retailers are the main buyers.
Typical segments
- Fresh cod
- Frozen cod fillets
- Salted and dried cod
- Cod loins
Who buys
- Fish processors
- Food service operators
- Supermarket chains
Largest non-EU suppliers to the EU
| Country | Import value |
|---|---|
| Norway | 225.9 EUR million |
| Iceland | 61.4 EUR million |
| United Kingdom | 7.8 EUR million |
| Countries and territories not specified within the framework of intra-Union trade | 5.7 EUR million |
| Faroe Islands | 5.7 EUR million |
| Switzerland | 0.0 EUR million |
Key figures
Each figure links to the page it came from.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €300.8 million of products under CN code 03025110 (Fresh or chilled cod "Gadus morhua") from outside the EU in 2025. | 300.8 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 03025110 were up 30% in 2025 compared with 2020 (€231.4 million), calculated from Eurostat values. | +30 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 03025110 to countries outside the EU were worth €10.3 million in 2025. | 10.3 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 03025110 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €230.5 million in 2025. | 230.5 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Norway was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 03025110 to the EU in 2025, with €225.9 million, or 75% of extra-EU imports. | 225.9 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 03025110 to the United States were €292 thousand in 2025. | 292 EUR thousand | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 03025110 was €6.49 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 6.49 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Germany was the largest EU exporter of CN 03025110 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €5.2 million. | 5.2 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 3,330 enterprises in NACE class C1020 (Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs) in 2023. | 3,330 enterprises | 2023 | Eurostat |
| EU enterprises in NACE class C1020 had net turnover of €35.30 billion in 2023. | 35.30 EUR billion | 2023 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C1020 employed 109,000 people across the EU in 2023. | 109,000 persons employed | 2023 | Eurostat |
| The US had 846 private establishments in NAICS 311710 (Seafood product preparation and packaging) in 2025. | 846 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 311710 employed an average of 32,968 people in US private industry in 2025. | 32,968 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 311710 changed by +2% between 2020 (32,298 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +2 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 311710 was $66,606 in 2025. | 66,606 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
What the full report covers
- 1
Executive summary
The answer on two pages: size, growth and what drives it.
- 2
Market size and outlook
History, the current year and a five-year view with base, low and high cases.
- 3
Segments and regions
Splits by product, buyer and geography across the US, Europe and MEA.
- 4
Company profiles
The main players, how they compete and where they are investing.
- 5
Data and method
Every figure in Excel, with the sources and assumptions behind it.
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
- PDF report, 40 to 60 pages
- Excel data pack
- Ready-to-use charts
- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU cod fish market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €300.8 million of goods under CN 03025110 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €10.3 million.
Where does the EU import cod fish from?
Norway was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. The next largest were Iceland, United Kingdom, Countries and territories not specified within the framework of intra-Union trade.
What is the average import price of cod fish in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €6.49 per kilogram for CN 03025110 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most cod fish?
Germany led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by Denmark, Ireland.
How many US companies are in the cod fish industry?
BLS counts 846 private establishments in NAICS 311710 (Seafood product preparation and packaging), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the cod fish industry?
Eurostat counts 3,330 enterprises in NACE class C1020 (Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs).
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 03025110, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 300791405
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 03025110, flow import, 2020 VALUE_IN_EUROS 231434838; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 300791405
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 03025110, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 10327451
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 03025110, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 230520206
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 03025110, partner NO, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 225919477
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 03025110, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 291604
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 03025110, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 300791405, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 463348
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
DS-045409, reporter DE, product 03025110, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 5244212
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1020, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2023, 3330
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1020, indic_sbs NETTUR_MEUR, 2023, 35300
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C1020, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2023, 109000
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 311710, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311710, annual_avg_estabs 846
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 311710, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311710, annual_avg_emplvl 32968
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 311710, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 32298; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 32968
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 311710, 2025 (2026-11-04)
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 311710, avg_annual_pay 66606
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