What this market covers
Chips made from two or more elements, such as gallium nitride, silicon carbide and gallium arsenide, used in power, radio frequency and optical devices. Makers of EVs, phones and base stations buy them.
Typical segments
- Silicon carbide devices
- Gallium nitride devices
- Gallium arsenide devices
- Indium phosphide devices
Source: Eurostat
Why this market is moving now
- Extra-EU import value moved -21% from 2022 to 2025, a direct read on EU demand for sourced supply.
- Supply is concentrated: one country provided a large share of extra-EU imports in 2025.
- US employment in the core industry shifted +7% since 2020.
Key figures
Each figure names the source it came from. Open the source list below to read the quoted line.
| Figure | Value | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| The EU imported €1.11 billion of products under CN code 85414100 (Light emitting diodes "LED") from outside the EU in 2025. | 1.11 EUR billion | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Extra-EU imports of CN 85414100 were down 21% in 2025 compared with 2022 (€1.41 billion), calculated from Eurostat values. | -21 % change | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 85414100 to countries outside the EU were worth €731.2 million in 2025. | 731.2 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trade between EU member states in CN 85414100 (intra-EU arrivals) came to €889.0 million in 2025. | 889.0 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| China was the largest non-EU supplier of CN 85414100 to the EU in 2025, with €441.6 million, or 40% of extra-EU imports. | 441.6 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| EU exports of CN 85414100 to the United States were €52.0 million in 2025. | 52.0 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The average value of extra-EU imports of CN 85414100 was €386.43 per kilogram in 2025, calculated from Eurostat value and weight. | 386.43 EUR per kg | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Germany was the largest EU exporter of CN 85414100 to non-EU countries in 2025, at €437.2 million. | 437.2 EUR million | 2025 | Eurostat |
| The EU had 7,473 enterprises in NACE class C2611 (Manufacture of electronic components) in 2022. | 7,473 enterprises | 2022 | Eurostat |
| NACE class C2611 employed 229,882 people across the EU in 2021. | 229,882 persons employed | 2021 | Eurostat |
| The US had 2,533 private establishments in NAICS 334413 (Semiconductor and related device manufacturing) in 2025. | 2,533 establishments | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| NAICS 334413 employed an average of 197,161 people in US private industry in 2025. | 197,161 jobs | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| US employment in NAICS 334413 changed by +7% between 2020 (184,956 jobs) and 2025, calculated from BLS figures. | +7 % change | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| Average annual pay in US NAICS 334413 was $281,331 in 2025. | 281,331 USD per year | 2025 | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| PubMed indexed 10 papers mentioning "compound semiconductors" in the title or abstract in 2025. | 10 papers | 2025 | U.S. National Library of Medicine |
Sources and method
The figures on this page come from the public sources listed below. Read how we work.
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 1
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85414100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 1111336662
- Figure 2
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85414100, flow import, 2022 VALUE_IN_EUROS 1412341592; 2025 VALUE_IN_EUROS 1111336662
- Figure 3
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85414100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 731201463
- Figure 4
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85414100, partner INT_EU27_2020, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 888966445
- Figure 5
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85414100, partner CN, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 441620740
- Figure 6
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85414100, partner US, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 52043315
- Figure 7
DS-045409, reporter EU27_2020, product 85414100, flow import, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 1111336662, QUANTITY_IN_100KG 28759
- Figure 1
- Eurostat: EU trade since 1988 by HS2-4-6 and CN8 (DS-045409) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 8
DS-045409, reporter DE, product 85414100, partner EXT_EU27_2020, flow export, 2025, VALUE_IN_EUROS 437215250
- Figure 8
- Eurostat: Enterprises by detailed NACE Rev. 2 activity and special aggregates (sbs_ovw_act) (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 9
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2611, indic_sbs ENT_NR, 2022, 7473
- Figure 10
sbs_ovw_act, geo EU27_2020, nace_r2 C2611, indic_sbs EMP_NR, 2021, 229882
- Figure 9
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: QCEW annual averages, NAICS 334413, 2025 (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 11
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 334413, annual_avg_estabs 2533
- Figure 12
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 334413, annual_avg_emplvl 197161
- Figure 13
QCEW 2020 annual_avg_emplvl 184956; 2025 annual_avg_emplvl 197161
- Figure 14
QCEW 2025 annual, US000, private, NAICS 334413, avg_annual_pay 281331
- Figure 11
- U.S. National Library of Medicine: PubMed search "compound semiconductors"[tiab] AND 2025[dp] (2026-11-04)
Quoted lines
- Figure 15
esearch count 10
- Figure 15
Buyers and suppliers
Who buys
- Electric vehicle makers
- Telecom equipment makers
- Power electronics firms
Large non-EU suppliers to the EU
What the full report covers
- 01Executive summary
The answer in one page: size, direction and what moves it - 02Market definition and scope
What is in and out of the European Union market - 03Market size, 2021 to 2025
Historical series and growth rates - 04Outlook to 2031
Base, low and high scenarios with stated assumptions - 05Rules, policy and deadlines
Regulation and programmes that change demand - 06Drivers and barriers
What accelerates or slows adoption, by customer segment - 07Prices, costs and margins
Unit economics where public data allows - 08Competitive landscape
8 to 12 company profiles with recent moves - 09Opportunities and risks
For new entrants, suppliers and investors - 10Method and sources
Every assumption and source, listed
Included with the full report
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- Method note and assumptions
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Frequently asked questions
How big is the EU compound semiconductor market?
There is no single official market total. Eurostat trade data shows the EU imported €1.11 billion of goods under CN 85414100 from outside the EU in 2025 and exported €731.2 million.
Where does the EU import compound semiconductor from?
China was the largest non-EU supplier in 2025. Other large suppliers included Malaysia, Japan, Taiwan.
What is the average import price of compound semiconductor in the EU?
Dividing Eurostat import value by weight gives about €386.43 per kilogram for CN 85414100 in 2025.
Which EU countries export the most compound semiconductor?
Germany led EU exports to non-EU countries in 2025, followed by Sweden, France.
How many US companies are in the compound semiconductor industry?
BLS counts 2,533 private establishments in NAICS 334413 (Semiconductor and related device manufacturing), the closest official industry.
How many EU companies are in the compound semiconductor industry?
Eurostat counts 7,473 enterprises in NACE class C2611 (Manufacture of electronic components).
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